18日,国家医保局召开新闻发布会,介绍2022年国家医保药品目录调整工作的有关情况。左雨晴 摄
患者能省多少钱?
——预计未来两年将为患者减负超过900亿元
据国家医保局医药服务管理司副司长黄心宇介绍,2022年国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录调整工作现已顺利结束。本次调整,共有111个药品新增进入目录。
本次新增药品包括高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、精神病的慢性病用药56种,肿瘤用药23种,抗感染用药17种,罕见病用药7种,新冠肺炎治疗用药2种,还有其他领域的用药6种。
本轮调整后,国家医保药品目录内药品总数达到2967种,其中西药1586种,中成药1381种;中药饮片未作调整,仍为892种。
从谈判和竞价情况看,147个目录外药品参与谈判和竞价(含原目录内药品续约谈判),121个药品谈判或竞价成功,总体成功率达82.3%。谈判和竞价新准入的药品,价格平均降幅达60.1%,与去年基本持平。
从患者负担情况看,通过谈判降价和医保报销双重减负效应,本次调整预计未来两年将为患者减负超过900亿元。
黄心宇表示,5年来,国家医保局坚持“保基本”的功能定位,坚决杜绝天价药进医保,依托中国巨大的市场规模,通过谈判准入的方式,大幅降低了新准入目录的药品价格。在很多治疗领域,中国的药品价格由原来的高地成为全球的洼地,中国药品价格首次成为发达国家药品定价的参考。
“2018年-2022年,进口药品基本给出了全球最低价。2022年又创新提出了竞价准入的办法,解决了部分非独家药品价格较高、难以进入目录的问题,引导企业以竞价的形式主动降低价格,换取能进入医保目录的机会。”他说。
资料图:阿兹夫定片。 殷立勤 摄新冠治疗用药谈判结果如何?
——阿兹夫定片等2种药品正式纳入国家医保目录
此前,国家医保局负责人透露,今年共有阿兹夫定片、奈玛特韦片/利托那韦片组合包装(简称“Paxlovid”)、清肺排毒颗粒3种新冠治疗药品通过企业自主申报、形式审查、专家评审等程序,参与了谈判。
那么谈判结果如何?
据黄心宇介绍,本次医保谈判全力支持新冠病毒感染治疗。连续第三年将新冠治疗用药作为医保目录准入条件,阿兹夫定片、清肺排毒颗粒等2个药品通过谈判降价将正式纳入国家医保药品目录。第十版新冠病毒感染诊疗方案涉及的25个已上市药品中,21个品种已被正式纳入国家医保目录。
对于因辉瑞公司报价高而未能通过谈判纳入医保目录的Paxlovid,相关人士透露,不会再和辉瑞就Paxlovid举行专门谈判。此外,默沙东的莫诺拉韦胶囊也不会额外进行谈判。“正常情况下,医保目录谈判一年只举行一次。”
资料图:北京某社区卫生服务中心,医务人员正将配送到的药品放入药架。 中新社记者 易海菲 摄哪些重点领域用药补短板?
——支持国产重大创新药品进入目录
黄心宇表示,医保谈判继续支持重点领域药品进入目录,包括国产创新药、新冠治疗药、儿童用药等重点领域疾病,肿瘤罕见病等重大疾病,以及糖尿病、慢阻肺等慢性病疾病。“这些药品进一步被纳入了目录,补齐了目录的短板,提高了保障水平。”
据悉,本次共计24种国产重大创新药品被纳入谈判,最终奥雷巴替尼等20种药品谈判成功,成功率83.3%,高于整体的谈判成功率。同时,有7个罕见病用药、22个儿童用药、2个基本药物被成功纳入目录。
“本次目录新增的药品绝大部分都是5年内新上市的药品。”黄心宇指出,有23种药品是2022年上市当年就被纳入了目录。
例如,在肺癌领域,本次谈判不仅新增了洛拉替尼、赛沃替尼等疗效显著的新药,原来目录内的恩沙替尼、塞瑞替尼等药品价格也有显著下降。“医生和患者有了更多的临床选择。”黄心宇说。(完)
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